Free Essays on Why Who Said What

Why, Who Said What Did you hear that our composing teacher is a â€Å"Lesbian Communist†? This basic talk most likely originated from a disappointed understudy who misconstrued a basic proclamation. A great deal of times dreadful tattle is begun basically from a misconstrued proclamation or a mystery that isn't so mystery any longer. Insider facts should be left well enough alone, yet they quite often appear to get out. At the point when privileged insights get out, they typically become gossipy tidbits. We endow our companions with our most close to home considerations or stories, and more often than not they become bits of gossip. In this exposition I might want to discuss why we tattle, and for what reason is it such a major piece of our lives. For young ladies, (who clearly tattle the most) the principle explanation behind tattle, is if being companions with those of high status is an approach to pick up status for yourself, how are you to demonstrate to others that a mainstream young lady is your companion? One path is to show that you know her mysteries. Yet, on the opposite side of the coin the explanation a kid is less inclined to search for talk and disseminate his discoveries is that he has substantially less to pick up by it. A boy’s principle access to status is less a matter of whom they are near than of their accomplishments and aptitude, principally at sports, and their capacity to win in a battle (despite the fact that more established young men are for the most part talk and more youthful boy’s are chiefly childish activity). Our choices about acceptable behavior in the presents of our companions are affected by what we figure others would state about us. Having chosen; we stow away, change, or show our conduct to forestall analysis and guarantee being applauded. A terrible gossip about a female may get her segregated by her companions for a month and a half, while if a male doesn’t like the treatment he is getting he is increasingly obligated to leave the gathering of companions. Guys consider individual to be as: everyone hates to have anyone realize that they have issues. The guys consistently attempt to remain quiet about their issues. Young ladies and ladies, more regularly than young men and men, are wi... Free Essays on Why Who Said What Free Essays on Why Who Said What Why, Who Said What Did you hear that our composing educator is a â€Å"Lesbian Communist†? This basic gossip presumably originated from a displeased understudy who misconstrued a basic explanation. A great deal of times dreadful tattle is begun just from a misjudged explanation or a mystery that isn't so mystery any longer. Privileged insights should be left well enough alone, yet they quite often appear to get out. At the point when privileged insights get out, they generally become bits of gossip. We endow our companions with our most close to home considerations or stories, and more often than not they become bits of gossip. In this paper I might want to discuss why we tattle, and for what reason is it such a major piece of our lives. For young ladies, (who clearly tattle the most) the principle explanation behind tattle, is if being companions with those of high status is an approach to pick up status for yourself, how are you to demonstrate to others that a famous young lady is your companion? One path is to show that you know her privileged insights. In any case, on the opposite side of the coin the explanation a kid is less inclined to rummage for talk and disseminate his discoveries is that he has considerably less to pick up by it. A boy’s principle access to status is less a matter of whom they are near than of their accomplishments and aptitude, essentially at sports, and their capacity to win in a battle (despite the fact that more seasoned young men are fundamentally talk and more youthful boy’s are for the most part juvenile activity). Our choices about the proper behavior in the presents of our companions are affected by what we figure others would state about us. Having chosen; we stow away, alter, or show our conduct to forestall analysis and guarantee being applauded. An awful talk about a female may get her shunned by her companions for a month and a half, while if a male doesn’t like the treatment he is getting he is increasingly subject to leave the gathering of companions. Guys consider individual to be as: everyone hates to have anyone realize that they have issues. The guys consistently attempt to remain quiet about their issues. Young ladies and ladies, more regularly than young men and men, are wi...

Classical Empires Dbq

Archive BASED QUESTION: Daoism-Buddhism Directions The accompanying inquiry depends on the going with records. (The reports have been altered with the end goal of this activity). The inquiry is intended to test your capacity to work with and comprehend chronicled records. Compose an exposition that: †¢ Has pertinent postulation and supports that theory with proof from the reports. †¢ Uses all or everything except one of the reports. †¢ Analyzes the records by gathering them from various perspectives as could be expected under the circumstances and doesn't just sum up the reports independently. Considers both the wellsprings of the reports and the authors’ perspectives. Article Prompt Analyze the likenesses and contrasts between the two religions, and what makes these religions special. In view of the accompanying archives, talk about traditional realms. What sorts of extra documentation would help decide the advantages and challenges of running old style domains ? Verifiable Background Buddhism and Taoism are both predominantly focused in eastern China, and numerous individuals are befuddled between the two. Not a lot of individuals comprehend whatBuddhists represent, however numerous individuals just realize they live to discover meaning, and to arrive at nirvana. Taoists hope to end the sufferings throughout everyday life. Record 1 Document 2 Document 3 Document 4 Document 5 Document 6 Document 7 Document 7 Document 8 Citations http://www. consecrated writings. com/bud/btg/btg03. htm http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Taijitu http://www. wadsworth. com/religion_d/special_features/popups/maps/matthews_world/content/map_91. html http://www. diffen. com/distinction/Buddhism_vs_Taoism http://www. accesstoinsight. organization/lib/creators/bogoda/wheel397. html http://www. chebucto. ns. ca/Philosophy/Taichi/taoism. tml http://www. chebucto. ns. ca/Philosophy/Taichi/taoism. html http://www. buzzle. com/articles/taoism-convictions. html and http://buddhismbeliefs. organization/â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ Robert Bogoda, A Simple Guide to Life, 1994 To utilize our human potential, we need a viable point throughout everyday life, except a real existence plan for accomplishing that point. The first two segments of this paper show the basis for building up a legitimate feeling of qualities, the qualities fundamental for picking up bliss, achievement, and security inside the commonplace life and for advancing towards a definitive objective of the Buddhist way, Nibbana.While we stroll along the way to freedom, as laypeople we need to live on the planet, and our prompt target will be to make our life on the planet both a way to common achievement and a venturing stone to conclusive freedom. [pic] Lama Surya Das, Buddhism Plain and Simple This image portrays the divine force of Buddhism, Buddha. In this image he can be viewed as a quiet, astute, and savvy man. He appears he could very well think. This is the metho d of Buddha, being savvy, kind, and discovering importance throughout everyday life. This is the manner in which numerous Buddhists accept they ought to be.Tai Chi Chuan, Taoism and the Philosophy The strict current of Taoism advanced its own pantheon of divinities that were venerated in sanctuaries by the different factions. These Taoist gods, similar to the Buddhist or Hindu pantheon, spoke to various characteristics and traits and different services, contingent upon conditions were led to speak to them. In contrast to most religions, Taoism has more than one strict figure. Indeed, they have around 27 gods, which all represent distinctive individual things, for example, unadulterated ones, immortals, the 3 authorities, and numerous more.Tai Chi Chuan, Taoism and the Philosophy A Taijitu, the principle image of the Taoist otherworldliness. If it's not too much trouble note in any case, that the genuine Taijitu image shows the white (or red) winding on the top, so the separating lin e makes a regressive S shape. Yin and yang are not restricting powers (dualities), however corresponding powers, inconspicuous (covered up, female) and seen (show, manly), that cooperate to shape a more prominent entire, as a feature of a unique framework. Everything has both yin and yang viewpoints as light couldn't be comprehended if obscurity didn't exist, and shadow can't exist without light. pic] Paul Carus, Buddha, the Gospel, 1909 All compound things will be broken up again, universes will break to pieces and our distinctions will be dissipated; however the expressions of Buddha will stay for ever. The termination of self is salvation; the obliteration of self is the state of illumination; the scratching out of self is Nirvana. Significant convictions of Taoism Major convictions of Buddhism Taoism has the equivalent perspective as Confucianism or old Chinese society religion. Its way of thinking works inside similar standards. It praises man's affiliation and interdependency with nature.Moving on to a more extensive plane, the connection among religion and the universe appears as worship, which lies past the bounds of reality, predecessor love and faith in the sovereign. The standards on which the framework flourishes even today incorporate Ch'i, Feng Shui, interdependency among life and demise, the Eight Immortals and the Ultimate Reality. Life exists in itself †there is no inalienable importance connected to life. Anyway †as every person (and creatures) wish for bliss and not to endure †the motivation behind life might be said to end that suffering.Buddhism instructs that in an interconnected world, all activities have outcomes (karma). The outcomes of acts embraced in this and before lifetimes will be felt in a next one, in a procedure known as rebirth. It is a Buddhist expect to teach oneself and ponder so as to escape from this pattern of resurrection, to enter Nirvana. | |Buddhism |Taoism | |Geographical transcendence: |Tibet, Sri L anka, North America. |Asia, North America. |Goal of religion: |To gain illumination and nirvana. |To gain balance throughout everyday life. | |Place of inception: |Nepal, India. |China | |Principle: |Desire prompts languishing. |Taoists accept that life is acceptable. Taoism | |lays accentuation on the body. | |Status of Adam: |N/A. |N/A. | |Place of love: |Pagodas, Temples. Sanctuary, hallowed place | |Warren Matthews, World Religions, [pic] In this guide, Daoism, or Taoism, alongside Buddhism, are for the most part in the eastern segment of China. No doubt, area doesn’t have anything to due with your religion, yet what is either constrained on you, or which you might want to pick.

Marketing Research New Zealand - China

Marketing Research New Zealand - China Marketing Research New Zealand China Home›Marketing Posts›Marketing Research New Zealand China Marketing PostsA free trade agreement exists between New Zealand and the Peoples Republic of China. The two leaders of the two nations signed the agreement on 7 April 2008 in Beijing. The agreement makes up to 30% of all exports from New Zealand to China to be free. This includes all the dairy products that New Zealand sells to China. The agreement will also allow over 65% of the same to be free by 2013 (Kurmann Et al. 2009). One of the advantages that New Zealand has as it trades with the Peoples Republic of China is the great population that China has. The population directly translates into great demand. The Peoples Republic of China has a population of more than 1.3 billion people. It is the country with the largest population in the earth. Even though its population growth rate is low compared to other countries around the globe, the small increase from a very large population h as a very great impact. The growth rate is 0.47% but it results to over 6 million more people each year (Kurmann, Et al. 2009). The entire population and the added ones need dairy products thus creating a constant demand for these products from New Zealand. However, because in China, families have opted for fewer children, New Zealand export is affected absolutely. This is because New Zealand export of dairy product will automatically reduce in future. In one way or the other, less children being born in China affects New Zealand’s overall export.New Zealand has higher education standards compared to that in the Peoples Republic of China. However, one of the areas that that promote dairy products export from New Zealand is the development of skills in production of the same.   Dairy production is so developed in New Zealand that it is ranked amongst one of the best dairy products producer in the world. The country has revenue of more than $11 billion from the dairy industry making it the world’s largest dairy products exporter (Woodford Cowan 2009). This has been enabled by its efficient all-grass farming system. New Zealand also has a high scale processing capacity of dairy products. Its research and development in this area has continued to create more knowledge and skills. The higher standards of education in New Zealand caused China to seek a joint education forum from with her in order to benefit from the same. An agreement was reach and since then, the two countries have been holding “China-New Zealand Higher Education Forum” (Campbell, 2009). This program has been highly successful so far and the two nations are currently on a path to integrate more than just their education systems. The minister for education from New Zealand Mr. Mr. Philip Gibson commented that the two nations were on a path on an unprecedented integration process.New Zealand’s ability to segment China’s population in terms of its attitude, values and ability to purchase its diary products has promoted the country’s export strategies (Campbell, 2009). The demand for dairy products consists of various psychographic segments.   Each of these segments is described by how China’s population uses the dairy products. China’s large population consumes products such as milk powders, butter and cheese are on daily basis.Social Factors: This factor is majorly concerned with social attitudes along with cultural values. This is based on the fact that, both attitudes and values forms societal cornerstone. In most cases, they tend to affect demographic, religious as well as economic factors and changes. This affects consumers of the imported dairy products. In dealing with such issues that arises from global cultural diversity, New Zealand and China should educate their citizens on global cultures along with different global languages. New Zealand should initiate and even fund such programs because she is the main beneficiary in trading with China. In gener al, the citizens from the two nations ought to recognize that different cultures existing globally.Strengths, Weaknesses, opportunities and threatsNew Zealand sells its dairy products in several countries. New Zealand is the leading dairy farm exporter in the world. Its estimated allocation of converged dairy products exports stood at was 35% in the last quarter of 2009. Its dairy export value has been on the rise over the last four years due to increasing milk solid production and increase in export prices.   Globally, it has research and development sites. It sells its products like milk powders, butter and cheese throughout the world. New Zealand also sells concentrated and sweetened milk. In 2009, it received revenue in the tune of $4 billion from milk and cream (Woodford Cowan 2009). Other exports include fats and oil which New Zealand manufacture from milk. Opportunities or openings include possibilities that might become available from competitors and new products that she c an export in China. In the challenge that she faces over competitors, New Zealand can cooperate with competitors in areas of research and development.This enables her to benefit from economies of scale. The main threats are possible future changes and challenges from competitors. Apart from this, New Zealand is opening new dairy factories in low wage counties hence lowering production cost. Such movement enables New Zealand to sell its products cheaply. She is also involved in the production of several new milk related products thanks to research and development programs. For illustration, recently New Zealand has ventured in the production of organic dairy products, this has become the fastest growing field and trade with China presents great markets for such new products.

What Makes Tetrapods Different From Other Animals

Tetrapods are a group of vertebrates that includes amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Tetrapods include all living land vertebrates as well as some former land vertebrates that have since adopted an aquatic lifestyle (such as whales, dolphins, seals, sea lions, sea turtles, and sea snakes). One of the key characteristics of tetrapods is that they have four limbs or, if they lack four limbs, their ancestors had four limbs. Tetrapods Are Different Sizes Tetrapods vary greatly in size. The smallest living tetrapod is the Paedophyrine frog, which measures just 8 millimeters long. The largest living tetrapod is the blue whale, which can grow to lengths of up to 30 meters. Tetrapods occupy a wide variety of terrestrial habitats including forests, grasslands, deserts, scrublands, mountains, and polar regions. Although most tetrapods are terrestrial, there are numerous groups that have evolved to live in aquatic habitats. For example, whales, dolphins, seals, walrus, otters, sea snakes, sea turtles, frogs, and salamanders, are all examples of tetrapods that depend on aquatic habitats for some or all of their life cycle. Several groups of tetrapods have also adopted an arboreal or aerial lifestyle. Such groups include birds, bats, flying squirrels, and flying lemurs. Tetrapods First Appeared During the Devonian Period Tetrapods first appeared about 370 million years ago during the Devonian Period. Early tetrapods evolved from a group of vertebrates known as the tetrapodomorph fishes. These ancient fishes were a lineage of lobe-finned fishes whose paired, fleshy fins evolved into limbs with digits. Examples of tetrapodomorph fishes include Tiktaalik and Panderichthys. The tetrapods that arose from the tetrapodomorph fishes became the first vertebrates to leave the water and embark on a life on land. Some early tetrapods that have been described in the fossil record include Acanthostega, Ichthyostega, and Nectridea. Key Characteristics Four limbs (or descended from ancestors with four limbs)Various adaptations of the skeleton and muscles that enable proper support and movement  on landAdaptations to the cranial bones that allows the head to remain stable while the animal movesA layer of dead cells that reduces evaporation and water loss across the surface of the bodyWell-developed muscular tongueThe parathyroid gland that in part controls calcium levels in the bloodA gland that lubricates the eyes (Harderian gland)An olfactory organ (vomeronasal organ) that enables the detection of pheromones and plays a role in taste and smellAn absence of internal gills Classification Tetrapods are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Chordates Vertebrates Tetrapods Tetrapods are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Amphibians (Lissamphibia): There are about 5,000 species of amphibians alive today. Members of this group include frogs, toads, caecilians, newts, and salamanders. Amphibians begin their life cycle as aquatic larvae that go through a complex metamorphosis as they grow to adulthood.Amniotes (Aminota): There are about 25,000 species of amniotes alive today. Members of this group include birds, reptiles, and mammals. Amniotes reproduce using an egg  that is protected by a set of membranes that shelter it from the harsh conditions of a terrestrial environment. References Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S. Animal Diversity. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012. 479 p.Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S, Larson A, lAnson H, Eisenhour D. Integrated Principles of Zoology 14th ed. Boston MA: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 910 p.

What Is a Map Projection

It is impossible to accurately represent the spherical surface of the earth on a flat piece of paper. While a globe can represent the planet accurately, a globe large enough to display most features of the earth at a usable  scale  would be too large to be useful, so we use maps. Also, imagine peeling an orange and pressing the orange peel flat on a table—the peel would crack and break as it was flattened because it cant easily transform from a sphere to a plane. The same is true for the surface of the earth and thats why we use map projections. The term map projection can be thought of literally as a projection. If we were to place a light bulb inside a translucent globe and project the image onto a wall—wed have a map projection. However, instead of projecting a light, cartographers use mathematical formulas to create projections. Map Projection and Distortion Depending on the purpose of a map, the cartographer will attempt to eliminate distortion in one or several aspects of the map. Remember that not all aspects can be accurate so the map maker must choose which distortions are less important than the others. The mapmaker may also choose to allow a little distortion in all four of these aspects to produce the right type of map. Conformality: The shapes of places are accurateDistance: Measured distances are accurateArea/Equivalence: The areas represented on the map are proportional to their area on the earthDirection: Angles of direction are portrayed accurately Popular Cartographic Projections Gerardus Mercator invented his famous projection in 1569 as an aid to navigators. On his map, lines of latitude and longitude intersect at right angles and thus the direction of travel—the rhumb line—is consistent. The distortion of the Mercator Map increases as you move north and south from the equator. On Mercators map, Antarctica appears to be a huge continent that wraps around the earth and Greenland appears to be just as large as South America although Greenland is merely one-eighth the size of South America. Mercator never intended his map to be used for purposes other than navigation although it became one of the most popular world map projections. During the 20th century, the National Geographic Society, various atlases, and classroom wall cartographers switched to the rounded Robinson Projection. The Robinson Projection is a projection that purposely makes various aspects of the map slightly distorted to produce an attractive world map. Indeed, in 1989, seven North American professional geographic organizations (including the American Cartographic Association, National Council for Geographic Education, Association of American Geographers, and the National Geographic Society) adopted a resolution that called for a  ban  on all rectangular coordinate maps due to their distortion of the planet.

The Medical Office Specialist s Job Titles And...

Billing 1 Week 1 DB Judith Parker List, define, and discuss the medical office specialist’s job titles and responsibilities. The medical office specialist as defined by our text is qualified for a variety of entry level positions in allied healthcare. Theses positions include: Admitting clerk Patient information clerk Apprentice coder Insurance verification representative Medical biller Payment poster Medical collector Refund specialist Medical receptionist Patient information clerk Medical secretary Medical Records Technician Each of these titles represent duties that a medical office specialist might be asked to perform. The smaller the practice the more likely it is that the person in this position will be responsible for†¦show more content†¦Other responsibilities would include the proper handling of requests for medical records. The person taking on this duty would also be responsible for administrating the training and assuring compliance of everyone in the organization. Keeping up-to-date on federal and state privacy laws. Below is a list taken from the TOUCHSTONE COMPLIANCE website. †¢ Creating, posting, and distributing the Notice of Privacy Practices (NPP) Maintaining a record of each patient’s acknowledgment of receiving the NPP †¢ Meeting requests from patients for access to their health records †¢ Meeting requests from patients for corrections or changes to their health records †¢ Considering requests for additional protection for, or confidential communications of, particularly sensitive health information †¢ Providing information to patients or staff who have questions about HIPAA and their privacy protections †¢ Dealing with complaints from patients or staff about possible HIPAA violations †¢ Developing and implementing HIPAA training for the staff to foster awareness of information privacy †¢ Developing, implementing, and monitoring Business Associate Agreements to ensure that privacy concerns, responsibilities, and requirements are addressed †¢ Cooperating with HHS’s Office of Civil Rights (OCR) and other legal entities in any compliance reviews or

Segmentation and Tesco Essay Example For Students

Segmentation and Tesco Essay Segmentation and TESCO Case: Segmentation is essentially the identification of subsets of buyers within a market who share similar needs and who demonstrate similar buyer behavior Using segmentation analysis helped Tesco PLC, Britains largest retailer stores to decide on their future marketing strategy and to appraise their competitive strengths Tesco realized the requirements for effective segmentation and that it must be Measurable, accessible, Differentiable, Substantial and Actionable To measure the size, purchasing power and characteristics of each segment Tesco used Club card program, giving cardholders discounts in exchange for their name, address and other personal information and optional questions about the size of their household, the ages of their children and dietary preferences they used this data to gain customer feedback which allowed Tesco to do further study on consumer segmentation on their purchasing behavior resulting from their lifestyle this make The Differentiability is very essential for an effective segmentation so TESCO offered different Benefits to the same Club card program is depending on demo psychographic profile of each segment For the segmentation To be Sustainable TESCO target was homogeneous and large so it was always profitable enough to serve By analyzing the data that club card generates Tesco was able to group the customers into segments according to their similar needs and benefits those are examples of grouping the customers keyed to their buying profile in Tescos database TESCO concentrated on reaching the segment by all possible means as the Accessibility of segment is very essential in segmentation, and every program used was attractive and served the segment to make the segmentation actionable and here are examples of segmentation used by TESCO: -Using demographic data mixed by behavioral segmentation Tesco identified the segment of customers who buy diapers for the first time, and the analysis showed that new fathers tend to buy more beer bec ause they are home with the baby and cant go to the pub, they make segment positioning according to the needs and characteristics and make a mix strategy including product and promotion by sending coupons by mail for baby wipes, toys and beer -When some of Tesco customers were tempted by Asda they recognized that the attractiveness criteria of their competitor is Asdas law prices, they set precise market objective and singled out shoppers who buy the cheapest available item they identified 300 items that these price-sensitive shoppers bought regularly. One was Tesco Value Brand Margarine this segmentation is based on buying behavior. They make product price positioning strategy and lowered the price of the margarine, along with other products with similar profiles. As a result, shoppers didnt defect to ASDA -Using Behaviorist segmentation based on customers usage rate Tesco grouped higher-spending customers, the analysis showed that those customers werent buying wine, cheese and fruit from TESCO as a result Tesco developed Tesco Finest line that includes duck pate and cashmere sweaters, they also send to them discount coupons every three months on particular products -Analyzing the data they were able to divide the market into groups on bases of â€Å"Value added benefit† by segment they developed different marketing programs for different segments (rifle) to attract both affluent and bargain shoppers; their several private labels, ranging from the Tesco Finest to Tesco Value brand, which offers baked beans and the like. Tesco increased her customers buying readiness by introducing new products to them as an example a customer switched from powdered laundry detergent to liquid capsules after receiving a one- pound-off coupon in the mail from. -They analyzed data on 15 million Tesco shopping baskets every week to use a loyalty-card program. Each product is scored on 50 dimensions such as price and the size of the package. The computer looks for customers whose shopping baskets have similar combinations of scores. And identified each segment and classifies shoppers in six segments this segmentation is based on actual customer behavior toward products and Usage rate. The Finer Foods segment, for example, is made up of affluent, time-strapped shoppers who buy upscale products. Traditional shoppers are homemakers with time to buy ingredients and cook a meal. They used mix strategy including product and promotion by sending coupons and send coupon package to customers includes three coupons for products they regularly buy and three for goods that they might like, or that Tesco wants them to try so segmentation helped them in determining their advertising and selling strategy. Because they succeeded in there positioning s trategy Tesco percent of coupons redeeming (15% to 20%) exceeded the percent of all coupons ever get redeemed (1% to 2%) The package also includes vouchers through which Club card members can redeem their accumulated points. Due to the effectiveness of their strategy 95% of these vouchers are redeemed. Tesco use Psychographic segmentation to better understand customers When a customer mention using environment- friendly cleaning products and organic meat, their mail included coupons for new vegetables, cooking sauces, and nuts or seeds -Using behavioral segmentation Tesco grouped customers who buy Andrex toilet paper infused with aloe Vera, they identified this segment and determine the customer attitude towards product from their analysis they found they were also big buyers of skin-care this information was very useful to the product maker to determine their advertising and selling strategy, they sent a direct mail to 500,000 customers, offering them free beauty treatments if they could show that they bought the toile paper twice -Using Geographic segmentation mixed with demographic data Tesco realized that shoppers at a small store in the town of Slough werent buying full meals and that people in the town have South Asian or Arab roots, so the segmentation is based on buying behavior, region, religion and nationality this affect their decision making and strategy they started the World Foods line offering more than 800 foreign products, up from 150 in the previous store. It has a large halal butcher shop, the latest movies from India, newspapers in Arabic, Urdu, Punjabi and Bengali, and a jewelry counter with bangles in yellow 22-karat gold popular in India, Using demographic data mixed with usage rate to evaluate the success of world food line they found that more than a quarter of the World Foods customers were coming from largely white neighborhoods. .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .postImageUrl , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:hover , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:visited , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:active { border:0!important; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:active , .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84 .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6bb73e065631b997856aeea74dea2e84:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Juvenile Delinquency EssayThey decided to open 300 stores of world food line in immigrants areas as well as 25 stores in mostly white parts of the country Failing to analyze the segment you are dealing with can lead to great losses. When Wal-Mart the main competitors to Tesco decided to open its stores oversees its Japanese unit suffered big losses as the Japanese related low price to low quality and in South Korea its 16 outlets were sold as they misread consumer preferences while TESCO Korean stores made great success. Tesco PLC used the segmentation in a very effective way to appraise its competitive strengths, maintain its market share with its marketing strategy.

Conflict between Romantic and Victorian values in Wuthering Heights Essay Example

Conflict between Romantic and Victorian values in Wuthering Heights Essay Emily Bronte’s novel Wuthering Heights is a key text in the English literary canon. The first and last novel of the short-lived life and career of Emily Bronte, the novel lends itself to analysis through various disciplines such as psychoanalysis, race, gender and cultural studies. For example, it could be read under the feminist framework as much as one can make Marxist interpretations of it. In this vein, it displays characteristics of both the Romantic Movement in literature even as its characters and settings project Victorian values and virtues. This essay will pursue this angle in detail, laying out how the Romantic aspects of the novel counter pose the Victorian socio-cultural values in creating a work of high originality and enduring relevance. The Victorian period is loosely associated with the reign of Queen Victoria during the latter half of the 19th century. Some of the praiseworthy developments of this period is the concept of the orphanage, which was a symbol and product of social solidarity and support. In terms of values in the personal and interpersonal domains, qualities such as â€Å"thrift, cleanliness, hard work, self-reliance, self-respect, and national pride† were thought of as lofty. (Alexander) Concepts such as family honour, personal integrity and social status were given importance during this period. In contrast, the Romantic Movement in the arts in general and literature in particular, promoted laissez-faire approach to human interpersonal relations, which promoted a primacy for feelings and emotions as opposed to tradition, customs and social norms. But what is interesting is that these two opposing tendencies operated simultaneously toward the end of the Victorian epoch, leading to a vibrant cultural dialectic. Wuthering Heights is a classic example that captures all the contradictions, confusions and complexities of such a discourse. Literature scholar Beth Newman’s thinks of novels as â€Å"fictive engagement with a specific social world†. (Close) Hence, there is much more to Wuthering Heights than its outward mythic romance. In effect, the novel treats such issues as â€Å"slave trade, the evolving middle-class family, politics and class structures,† etc, through the microcosm of a household â€Å"torn between Romantic longing and the Victorian domestic ethos.† (Close) We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict between Romantic and Victorian values in Wuthering Heights specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict between Romantic and Victorian values in Wuthering Heights specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict between Romantic and Victorian values in Wuthering Heights specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One of the cultural markers of the Victorian era is how gender roles were rigidly defined. In Wuthering Heights we see internal conflicts in various characters’ minds, as they try to abide by while also resisting the then accepted gender roles and social norms. This is especially true with respect to the thoughts and behaviour of Catherine and Heathcliff. To quote, â€Å"the elder Catherine resists until her death being an angel in the house; Heathcliff rails against the story he inhabits†. (Close) In this sense, the novel is â€Å"mediated through conventional Victorian narrators – and readers – who deal in the domestic realism aligned with Thrushcross Grange.† (Close) Emily Bronte shows In Wuthering Heights how even affairs of the heart are mediated by prevalent social values of the Victorian era. One example is Catherine’s choice of her husband. Though her bond with Heathcliff is very strong – she once mentions â€Å"Heathcliff is more myself than I am.† (Bronte, 100), it is to Edgar Linton that she ultimately offers her hand in marriage. What is at play is the Victorian emphasis on social class and status and all its attendant prestige. Catherine’s social aspirations make her accept Edgar’s proposal for marriage. She intuitively recognizes that Edgar is wealthy and thus she shall be â€Å"the greatest woman of the neighbourhood†. (Bronte, 97) She then goes on to make a list of high-flown romantic declarations that don’t weigh up to her professed strong bond with Heathcliff – â€Å"Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine, are the same; and Linton’s is as different as a moonb eam from lightning, or frost from fire†. (Bronte, 99) Further down the story, she says â€Å"If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; if all else remained, and he were annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger. . . . Nelly, I am Heathcliff.† (Bronte, 101) The imagery employed by Catherine can be interpreted thus: â€Å"A moonbeam suggests that which is delicate, ephemeral, and pale; frost connotes a surface coating easily melted by the heat of the sun. Lightning rends the sky, consumes its victims who are caught unaware; fire represents not only the heat of passion, but also the eternal suffering of those lovers consigned to the Inferno for their rejection of all social, moral, and religious constraints.† (Fragola) Catherine’s imagery thus captures the ongoing tussle between Romantic ideals and Victorian ethos in the novel in general and in her own thoughts in particular. There’s further evidence of this dialectic playing out in Catherine’s consciousness. Catherine’s statements down the narrative imply how â€Å"there is no transcendence, no intention of a spiritual afterlife. Her life is connected to Heathcliff rather than to a higher being†¦Whenever Catherine inexplicably shifts from passionate love to the longing for material wealth, she rails against Heathcliff and calls him a stable boy, thereby demonstrating her preference for a life of comfortable social conventions.† (Fragola) A key feature of Victorian social norms is the various rites of passage that members of the society are expected to go through. In a highly conservative and rigidly defined society of the Victorian period, these processes are ritualized and taken seriously. Victor Turner, the renowned British cultural anthropologist, has contributed to our understanding of Victorian value systems and how they functioned. One of his key theories is that of liminality (pertaining to crossing of thresholds), which is relevant to a discussion of Wuthering Heights. The Victorian period, which is often referred to retrospectively as the ‘Age of Transition’ occupied chronologic space between traditional agrarian societies and the more organized industrial societies of today. The Victorian period also represents the â€Å"liminal period par excellence†. (Hennelly) Turner emphasized that

Child Develpoment in the four stages essays

Child Develpoment in the four stages essays From the day of your babys birth, he already has certain abilities and instinctive reactions. But he has a lot to discover and in his early years the gaps are made good by what he learns from his family- most of all, his mother. He learns with all his senses, but particularly by imitation and experience. Watching a babys body and mind grow is one of the delights of being a parent. At first the baby struggles to recognise the world around him by looking and listening. Then he reaches out to it: as his arms and legs grow strong, he begins to explore. Increasingly during his second and third years his personality reveals itself in the way he tries to control his world with his newly discovered skills. Firstly, physical changes in a child are usually the most obvious and significant developments in a childs growth. During the first 18 months the average child makes considerable gains in height and weight, begins teething, develops sensory distinction and begins to walk and talk. Sensory perception developments rapidly during the first three months of life. Research shows that newborns are capable of auditory and visual contrast. Within three months they can distinguish colour and form; they show a preference for complex and novel stimuli as apposed to simple and familiar stimuli. Newborns perform motor movements, many of which are reflexive. Soon after birth they gain voluntary control of movements. The major stages of locomotion are crawling, creeping and walking. The average infant walks (without support) between 13 and 15 months of age. Normal infants possess neurological systems that detect and store speech sounds, permit reproduction of these sounds and eventually produce language. Infants utter all known speech sounds, but only retain those heard regularly. Word-like sounds occur at 12 months and have meaning at 18 months. Gaining of complex language after 18 months is very rapid. ...

Epidemiology Assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Epidemiology Assigment - Essay Example In the present scenario, stress is the inevitable part of life. It could be physiological or psychological. Cortisol is an important hormone, it is not only released during the condition of stress but also in fight or flight responses. This hormone brings various stress-related changes as well. It is evident that body’s relaxation response must be activated to combat stress. The condition of the stress cannot be prolonged as it could be devastating and induce chronic stress worsening cognitive performance, suppressed thyroid function, hyperglycemia, reduction in bone density and muscle tissues, increased blood pressure and lowered immunity, increased abdominal fat and hence invites all linked (Scott, 2008). Psychological stress brings release of cortisol, a stress hormone that maintains physiological and psychological equilibrium. If cortisol is released in embellished magnitude, it brings harmful effects not only on somatic health but also impairs cognitive functioning. It is apparent that stress-induced variations of hypothalamus-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning are implicated in the commencement and upholding of both somatic and psychiatric conditions, these and also comparable arbitrations could be used for anticipation and rehabilitation of these deleterious stress effects. The view is the focus of the article, it is the study carried out to examine the long-term effects of cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) training on cortisol stress management in healthy men and women. The article emphasizes the impact of CBSM training to attenuate cortisol stress responses in both men and women. The article has the advantage of selecting the participants for both control and treated groups of negligible demographic variables (including age, gender, habitual smoking, use of oral contraceptives and body mass). The article presents a sight that there is a slight variation between the sexes in response to the CBSM training. Any

The Role of International Law in Preserving the Environment Essay

The Role of International Law in Preserving the Environment - Essay Example On the one hand, intuition and logic demands that an international or regional response is in many contexts a practical necessity. The nations of the world routinely confront challenges that are global or regional in scope—challenges in areas as diverse as environmental change, communications technology, and regional security. These challenges demand a more coordinated and concerted approach than any single, national solution can provide. Should criminals launch from a server twenty feet into a neighboring sovereign state, it would be foolhardy to believe that the country whose citizens were targeted by such criminals could effectively investigate and prosecute the criminal agents. Should refugees flood into a region because of instability in one-state, the stability, welfare mechanisms, and infrastructure of all affected regional states are challenged by the sudden flux in displaced persons. It would be ignorant to assume that the actions of one state are not directly affecte d by the actions of other states. So it is with the environment. Should carbon dioxide spill out of factories run by Western businesses and make their way into the stratosphere, the areas affected by the resulting greenhouse effect won't be limited to the areas where those factories were built. Should toxic waste be dumped into a river that in turn feeds a lake or an ocean, the water will carry that waste to shores far removed from the polluters. One nation can do little to change the world, when their neighbors or their peers remain unconcerned about their own contributions. On the other hand, these same nations exist as legal entities thanks to a juridical system inherited from a time when legal purviews were far more provincial. As such, the legal regimes in place within each nation-state tend to privilege the sovereignty of that state, which is to say that they accord that state near-absolute control over the legal decisions that occur within their borders. The boundaries of jur isdiction are thus by default the dividing lines between different models or standards for jurisprudence, and should a nation will itself immune to the pressures or legal regimes in other countries, it can do so. Problematically, the incentive to do just that correlates positively with the relative power-status of the country in question. Weaker, smaller, less developed countries may feel that external legal pressures that might compromise national sovereignty are nonetheless in their best interest, since they do not wish to alienate the great military or economic powers, especially if they rely on those power for financial or military assistance, or for regular trade. The more powerful countries, by contrast, have every incentive to view their own sovereignty as inviolate, a reflection of their global standing. These countries also tend to be more effective in resolving problems within their own borders, and as such may feel like their approach to larger-scale problems should be ad opted by less-powerful nations, rather than engaging in cooperative solutions that would compromise their own sovereignty alongside those of other state participants. Sadly, this scenario is precisely what has unfolded with many of our international institutions. The United Nations, for example, gives a select group of countries, the United States chief among them, de facto veto power over the will of the General Assembly. Perhaps most exemplary of this tendency is

Air Conditioner Using Engine Exhaust Heat

Air Conditioner Using Engine Exhaust Heat This paper describes the development possible in the field of vehicle air conditioning based on vapour absorption cooling. The cooling effect is produced by waste heat energy recovered from engine exhaust. The advantages of such a system are drastic reduction of fuel over consumption and emissions associated with vehicle air conditioner usage. The current air conditioning system used in automobile is based on vapour compression cycle which necessarily consists of a compressor driven by engine output and thus increases fuel consumption rate and pollution proportion. The introduction of vehicle air conditioning using vapour absorption cycle eliminates the need for compressor; here compressor is replaced by generator and absorber unit. Engine waste heat from exhaust gases is used as heat source for generator of vapour absorption system. This paper describes the development possible in the field of vehicle air conditioning based on vapour absorption cooling. Some limitations are outlined and suggestions for future improvement are pointed out. Keywords Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Cycle, Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle. Introduction Motivating factors for the designing this system is continuous optimization of the performance of internal combustion engines and the increasing utilization of air conditioning in vehicles, as it reaches the status of essential need for modern life. Internal combustion engines are potential energy sources for absorption refrigeration systems, as about one third of the energy availability in the combustion processes wasted through the exhaust gas. Thus, use of the exhaust gas in an absorption refrigeration system can increase the overall system efficiency. An automobile engine utilizes only about 35% of available energy and rests are lost to cooling and exhaust system. If one is adding conventional air conditioning system to automobile, it further utilizes about 5% of the total energy. Therefore automobile becomes costlier, uneconomical and less efficient. It also decreases the life of engine and increases the fuel consumption. For very small cars compressor needs 3 to 4 bhp, a significant ratio of the power output. Keeping these problems in mind, a car air conditioning system is proposed from recovery of engine waste heat using engine exhaust as source of generator for VARS. Introduction to VARS: Figure 1 Schematics of Ammonia Water Absorption Refrigeration System Fig. 1 shows a schematic of the basic aqua-ammonia refrigeration cycle. High pressure ammonia vapor enters the condenser, where it transfers heat to the neighborhood. Liquid ammonia leaves the condenser and passes through an expansion valve, reaching the evaporator pressure. The refrigerant then enters the evaporator, where it receives heat from the cold source, turning into low pressure vapor. In the sequence, ammonia vapor enters the absorber, where a weak solution of water and low concentration ammonia absorbs the refrigerant and, at the same time, transfers heat to the neighborhood. The solution has now a high ammonia concentration, and is pumped to the vapor generator, where it receives heat from an external source. The ammonia in the solution then evaporates, separating from water and flowing to the condenser to start a new cycle. A weak water-ammonia solution leaves the vapor generator and enters the absorber to absorb ammonia vapor from the evaporator. A heat exchanger betwee n the absorber and the vapor generator transfers heat from the weak solution leaving the vapor generator to the high ammonia concentration solution going into the vapor generator. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the absorption system is usually much lower in magnitude then the compression system. But this low value of the former is not of much importance since it uses the waste heat such as engine exhaust heat. The most important thing about VARS is even if the evaporator temperature falls, the same COP can be maintained by elevating the generator temperature .Hence the capacity of the system remains almost the same. Design procedure of heat extraction device: Since VARS is heat operated cycle we need heat extraction device to extract heat from high temperature source and to deliver this heat to the generator of system. In order to enhance the performance of the refrigeration cycle we need to optimize the design of the Heat Extraction device. Because of its simplicity in operation, less installation as well as maintenance cost, we select Heat Exchanger as heat extraction device. C:UsersLENOVODesktopA4heatex.jpg Figure2- Schematic of Heat Exchanger In order to find the dimensions of the Heat Exchanger we have to assume certain cooling capacity of the cooling system. Lets assume it as 2.5 kW that is Qref = 2.5 kW. Calculations for Heat Extraction Device that is in our case a Heat Exchanger are as follows Calculation for Ammonia site: Calculation of mass flow rate Qref = à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ *cp*(Tg Te ) (1) Where , cp specific heat capacity Tg Temperature of the generator Te Temperature of evaporator à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚  Mass flow rate From this equation we can determine mass flow rate of refrigerant. Calculation of velocity à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ =A*v*à Ã‚  (2) Where, à Ã‚  = density of the refrigerant (taken from design data book) A Flow Area for Refrigerant Ammonia In order to find A we have to take diameter of the tube according to availability in the market. v is the velocity of the refrigerant . Calculation of Reynolds number Re = (à Ã‚ *v*D)/ µ (3) Where D = diameter of the refrigerant tube  µ = dynamic viscosity of refrigerant at mean temperature (taken from design data book) Calculation of Prandtl number Pr = ( µ*Cp)/ k (4) Where, Cp = specific heat of the refrigerant k = thermal conductivity of the refrigerant Calculation of Nusselt number Calculation of the Nusselt number is based on the co-relations and the selection of the co-relation is based on the magnitude of the Re ,Pr , and the nature of the heat transfer surface. In our particular condition we select Gnielinski co-relation, since it involves less uncertainty (6%) so mathematical result will be more accurate. Nu = ((Æ’/2)* (Re 1000)*Pr)/ (1+12.7* (Æ’/2)1/2*((Pr)2/3 1)) (5) Where, Æ’ = friction factor its value depends on the Re Æ’= 0.079(Re)-0.25 4*103 Æ’=0.046(Re)-0.2 3*104 Calculation of convective heat transfer co-efficient Nu = (hr*D)/k (8) Where, hr = Convective heat transfer co-efficient k = Thermal conductivity of the ammonia Similar way we can find out these parameters for exhaust gases by following the same procedure. Calculation of Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Tm = (à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T1-à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T2) / ln(à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T1/à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T2) (9) Where, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T1 = Temperature difference between the exhaust inlet temperature and refrigerant exit temperature à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T2 = Temperature difference between exhaust outlet temperature and refrigerant inlet temperature Calculation of Total Thermal Resistance Qref =U*A *à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Tm (10) Since à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Tm / Qref is the total thermal resistance we will get the value of 1/ U*A Calculation of the length of heat exchanger Rtotal = Rconv.+Rcond.+Rconv. (11) 1/(U*A)= 1/(he*A) + (ln( ro/ri)) /(2à Ã¢â€š ¬*L*k) + 1/(href*A) (12) Where, he = Convective heat transfer coefficient of the exhaust gasses href = Convective heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant A = Heat Transfer Area From equation (12) we can easily calculate optimum value of the length of heat exchanger. Now Effectiveness of Heat Exchanger changes as Inlet Temperature Difference between hot exhaust gases and cool refrigerant varies. Effectiveness of Heat exchanger can be calculated by following procedure. Calculation of the effectiveness of the heat exchanger In case of the counter flow the effectiveness Ɇº is given by Ɇº = (1-EXP((-1+C)*NTU) /(1- C* EXP( (-1-C)*NTU)) (13) Where, NTU = Number of Transfer Unit NTU = (U*A)/(à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚  * CP)min. (14) C = Capacity Ratio C = (à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚  * CP)min / (à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚  * CP)max (15) Calculation of amount of heat transfer to the generator Ɇº = (actual heat transfer / maximum heat transfer) (16) Maximum heat transfer Qmax = à ¡Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ *CP*à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Tmax (17) Where, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Tmax = Maximum temperature difference between hot exhaust gases and cold refrigerant Using Equations (14) (15) we can calculate actual heat transferred to the generator of the VARS. Calculation of Coefficient of Performance (COP) of VARS COP= (Cooling Effect Produced / Heat Energy Input to Generator) (18) Since COP is the function of temperature we can calculate the COP by using following relation also, COP= (Te*(Tg-Ta))/ (Tg*(Ta-Te)) (19) Where Te = Temperature of the evaporator Tg = Temperature of the generator Ta = Temperature of absorber Results and Discussion: For optimization of design of heat extraction device, we need to determine and fix some parameters. Assume desired heat transfer to be 3 kW. Also we need to find out the specific temperature or temperature range of VARS generator so as to have optimum COP. Graph 1: Generator Temperature Vs COP of VARS From graph 1, it is clear that VARS system will have maximum COP in the generator temperature range of 118 °c (391 K) to 127 °c (400 K). Now we can fix the refrigerant outlet temperature. Furthermore we cannot reduce the exhaust gas temperature below certain level. Sudden drop in exhaust temperature will cause the exhaust gas to slow down. The drop in exhaust temperature can be accommodated by reducing the exhaust pipe diameter. After fixing the generator temperature i.e. , refrigerant outlet temperature, exhaust gas outlet temperature and refrigerant inlet temperature, the only parameter remaining is exhaust gas inlet temperature. Exhaust temperature varies with load conditions (no load to full load conditions) and driving conditions (idling to power mode). This results in to change in LMTD, due to which the overall heat transferred to refrigerant changes. As a result of change in exhaust gas inlet temperature the effectiveness of heat exchanger changes. As exhaust temperature increases effective heat transfer area required decreases as well as effectiveness of heat exchanger reduces. Optimum heat transfer area and effectiveness of heat exchanger is represented by graph 2. Graph 2: Optimum Heat Transfer Area, Effectiveness Vs Inlet Temperature Difference Effectiveness is the function of temperature difference between hot exhaust gases and cold refrigerant at inlet. As this temperature difference increases, effectiveness of heat exchanger decreases. Effectiveness of heat exchanger is not of prime concern. We can maintain the effectiveness to certain level by varying refrigerant inlet temperature by some means, for example, electric heating. It will maintain the temperature difference between two fluids at inlet. Small amount of energy will be utilized to elevate the refrigerant temperature. Prime concern of the study is to obtain desired cooling effect by utilizing exhaust waste heat. So effectiveness of heat exchanger can be compromised to certain level. Practically, COP of system will be much lower as compared to mathematically obtained values but sufficient to produce desired cooling effect efficiently. Graph 1 represents the theoretical values of COP obtained by equation (19). We have used these values to determine optimum generator temperature. After fixing the parameters of heat extraction device (Heat Exchanger), the practical values of COP are obtained by using equation (18). Graph 3 represents the practical values of COP. It is clear from graph 3 that as generator temperature rises from 118 °c to 127 °c, COP values drops to 73% and cooling effect obtained at a point is 2.8 kW and effectiveness of heat exchanger is about 50%. Graph 3: Generator Temperature Vs COP Conclusion From the above results we can say that it is possible to extract waste heat of the engine exhaust using heat exchanger. In order to increase the performance of VARS we have to operate heat exchanger at the optimum condition mentions in results. Some precaution we have to take care such as at the initial stages of engine operation performance of VARS is low, hence to get the same cooling effect we have heat ammonia generator using heating coil.

My Cultural Identity Essay -- Cultural Identity Essays

My culture identity, as I know it as is African American. My culture can be seen in food, literature, religion, language, the community, family structure, the individual, music, dance, art, and could be summed up as the symbolic level. Symbolic, because faith plays a major role in our daily lives through song, prayer, praise and worship. When I’m happy I rely on my faith, same as when I’m sad, for I know things will get better as they have before. There are different disciplines within the humanities, but there is one that I feel that has influenced my cultural identity the most†¦music. I say music because from the start music told my culture’s history; informed others about deeds or events that had taken place, also, music was and continues to be important in comforting, healing, and during labor. â€Å"African American music has evolved through various eras and styles; the powerful melodic lines and the rhythm (the all-important rhythm) remained prominent and influential† (Powell, 2007, p.1). One way that I’ve celebrated and tried to connect with what I know as my culture is to attend Juneteenth Festival of the Carolinas. â€Å"According to Welcome to Juneteenth, â€Å"this is an annual four day event celebrated in the month of June at Independence Park, in Charlotte, North Carolina, hosted by Pape Ndiaye, proprietor of the House of Africa located in Charlotte, NC since 1997† (Juneteenth, n.d.). This family event unifies Africans, African-American, and non-African people and is celebrated with drummers, dancers, faith communities, local talent, special guests, and vendors that sell clothing, jewelry, food, books, art, music, furniture, purses, and much more. One may say we already have a day set aside to celebrate freedom. The Junete... ...x.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=133&Itemid=10 Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina (n.d.). Who Are The Lumbee? Retrieved March 7, 2014, from http://www.lumbeetribe.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=135&Itemid=115 Powell, A. (2007). The Music of African Americans and its Impact on the American Culture in the 1960’s and the 1970’s. Miller African Centered Academy, 1. Retrieved from http://www.chatham.edu/pti/curriculum/units/2007/Powell.pdf Main Section | Community Tool Box. (n.d.). Retrieved March 4, 2014, from http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/culture/cultural-competence/culture-and-diversity/main Welcome to Juneteenth. (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2014, from http://www.juneteenthofthecarolinas.com/ Whirty, R. (2007, March/April). The Lost Colony of Roanoke. Natives People. Retrieved from http://www.lost-colony.com/magazineNP.html

The Development of Multi-Faceted Literacy in American Culture

Though many theories have been formulated about literacy and how to apply proper education to it, few seem to grasp the fact that true literacy involves lots of different aspects. Though many educators have tried to put the term literacy into a strict definition, it is best understood as a complex educational aspect. Literacy combines elements of culture, both nation and international. It involves picking up essential skills that can be taught in the classroom, as well. In addition to all of that, it involves a person learning the advanced art of articulation. Speaking well, writing well, and understanding how to get a point across are three things that should be included in that discussion, as well. How a person understands literacy is dependent upon which of these theories that person accepts as being the standard. According to Dr. Robert Needlman, literacy needs to be understood in a broad sense, as it is very important to all other forms of learning. In a recent article on the matter, Needlman wrote, â€Å"Literacy is more than just being able to read and write. Literate children see reading as fun and exciting. They use reading to learn about a wide range of subjects, and they use writing to share their ideas† (Needlman). This means that teachers must learn to teach their students how to read and write at the most basic level, but that is rarely enough. True literacy can not be gained without a wide application of many different principles. One position that has become very popular among educators in recent years is one that employs a strategy of teaching students to communicate. Learning how to frame words in sentences and paragraphs is not enough in order to truly teach someone to be literate. In order to be literate, a person has to be able to take those words and put them into coherent thoughts. This position is probably the one that most closely represents what today’s educators should be aiming for when they frame curriculums for students. Skills based literacy is the building block from which all other things have to come. This is generally accepted by most educators out there. The problem is that some of these educators are not going beyond that. Though literacy starts with the basic skills, it certainly cannot stop there. It can only be effective if it is combined with a literacy program that teaches students cultural literacy and communications skills, as well. Teaching one without taking the time to teach the other is like teaching a person how to fish, giving them all of the equipment, and then forgetting to tell them where the pond is located. Though learning the actual skill of reading and writing is obviously an important part of the process, the cultural aspects are even more important. Especially in the United States, cultural literacy has not been nearly as much of a concern as other aspects of education. This is partly because teachers have been teaching with their eye on standardized tests and partly because no real value has been placed on cultural literacy. Now, the value and importance of both understanding how to read and write and understand how to put those things into context is being stressed more and more in schools and to America’s youth. Certain school districts have taken the initiative of instilling this sort of program within their curriculum for students. According to literature put out by the Poway Unified School District, cultural literacy is important to the development of students. Their website states, â€Å"The best lessons for cultural literacy come from the many students who sit in front of us each day in our classrooms. Their cultures, heritage, and stories formulate the most powerful cultural literacy curriculum† (Poway Unified School District). Elementary schools are not the only ones taking notice in this. College writing programs have implemented strategies as well to give their students a chance to become fully literate. Reed College, for example, has an entire writing program that is dedicated to teaching students the proper rules for communicating in their writing. This program not only focuses on writing, but it also teaches the value of things like drama and other liberal arts. Hampden-Sydney College is another college in the United States that has put an emphasis on this type of education. Their rhetoric program must be completed by all students who come through the school, whether those students are business majors or history majors. In the full context of a college liberal arts program, writing takes on a huge level of importance. Universities that offer these programs need to instill a writing intensive program across the board. This does not mean that just journalism or English students should have to concentrate on refining their skills. It means that in history courses, religion courses, philosophy courses, and other sorts of classes, a bunch of writing should be required. By incorporating writing into the curriculum of these other subjects, students will further learn how to communicate with their writing and they will become better at the other subjects, as well. Without an emphasis on writing, a liberal arts program is doomed to failure. Successful communication is a necessary aspect of these programs, as well. That cannot be gained without learning how to write critically, though. As E.D Hirsch is quick to point out, the English language lends itself to much interesting diction for writers. In his book, Hirsch wrote, â€Å"Literature in English excels in every kind of writing. Its particular glory is its poetry. For historical reasons, the English language acquired a vocabulary that is unusually rich and nuanced, combining words of Germanic root (such as see and glimpse) with words of Latin root (such as perceive and envision)† (Hirsch). There are quite a few different approaches to organizing a program such as this. Some colleges have started specific writing courses that teach students how to put their ideas into writing. More times than not, these classes are put into freshman year experience programs. These are the programs that teach students how to learn and how to be good college students. More times than not, these classes are taught alongside a study skills course. After all, most students are going to have to write multiple essays when they enter college and writing will be an essential part of their life. It only makes sense to preach the importance of writing from the very beginning of the college experience. This is not enough, though. In today’s world, being able to write and communicate is essentially important. Just about everything revolves around it, including the business world. According to the Educational Testing Service, which handles much of the student testing in the United States, the situation is extremely dire. They state, â€Å"As society becomes more technologically advanced, the quantity and types of written materials are growing. Adults are expected to use information from these materials in new and more complex ways and to maintain and enhance their literacy skills through lifelong learning activities. Literacy skills are critical not only for the personal achievement of individuals, but also for the social and economic development of each nation. These skills are no longer linked to a single threshold that separates the literate from the nonliterate† (Educational Testing Service). This quotation does much to state the overall importance of literacy in society and it also hammers home the point that literacy is becoming more important and more relevant, despite what some might think. In fact, it is dire, according to C.H. Knoblauch. In his Literacy and the Politics of Education, Knoblauch writes, â€Å"However, if literacy today is perceived as a compelling value, the reason lies not in such self-interested justifications but in its continuing association with forms of social reality that depend on its primacy† (Knoblauch). In addition to that, there is sentiment from other literary sources about the American situation. The Formation of National Cultures states, â€Å"In America, the reality is that we have not yet properly achieved monoliteracy, much less multiliteracy† (Foundation of National Cultures). This means that the United States still has to work on both the simple parts of literacy, as well as the more advanced aspects. One of the staples of any liberal arts program is a good history department. History courses are interesting because of the fact that they incorporate many different aspects of reading, writing, critical thinking, and lots of other skills. Students are not only forced to write and read critically, but they are often forced to do these things in a cultural sense. History courses not only teach what happened and when it happened, but they study cultural trends. Writing and reading have to be a huge part of any history course. Framing a history course with an eye on literacy is easy. In fact, it would be very difficult to even consider teaching any sort of history class without the inclusion of these things. As far as the actual setup of a course is concerned, it would not be all that difficult to integrate. The course would need a strong textbook, which must be read each and every night. In addition to that, the instructor of the course would teach the class in a lecture/discussion format, where students have to get used to both critical listening and critical communication. During each class period, students would have to listen to an instructor and take notes on what that professor is saying. This is one way to not only teach students the art of writing, but it also teaches students to think about the most important things that they are hearing. From that, they will react to that knowledge. The course would not be taught with only lectures, though. There would obviously be some grading that would be required. Writing would be integrated into the course in both essays and in tests. For the essays, students would be required to submit a number of them, depending upon length. This would give students a chance to not only explore the liberal arts staple of history, but it would also make them learn how to express themselves in a logical way. Essays would require proper writing skills, as well as good organization and good understanding of the material at hand. This would be an appropriate test of the knowledge and a good way to further integrate literary skills into the course. When it came time to give the test, writing would be on that, as well. Some part of the test would include an essay, where students would have to prepare a concise thought without too much time to research the issue. By doing these things, writing, reading, and critical communication could take their rightful place of importance in the liberal arts field. Without them, the courses would be naked and barren. By including writing and reading in liberal arts programs, a university would not be precluded from also offering advanced writing courses. Traditional definitions of literacy have come up with the conclusion that it is actually a skill that must be learned and mastered. Though the cultural literacy idea has become much more popular in recent years, the idea of literacy being a skill has still not been lost. With the right amount of instruction, students can learn how to both read and write at a very high level. Like with other subjects in a curriculum, writing programs must take the opportunity to teach both the basics and the advanced aspects of writing and reading. Colleges would be well advised to offer a literacy major or minor within their course catalog. With this program, the university could offer tens of classes on writing and reading. Everything from critical writing to business writing could be offered within this major. With that knowledge, a student would be able to go on to many different careers, since it has been established that writing and reading is such a large part of the business culture today. As long as literacy is a skill, it is something that must be harnessed and taught in universities and in lower levels of schools, as well. Elementary, middle, and high schools would be smart to adopt similar programs, which would further prepare students for the rigors of college literacy programs. In short, this would take a concerted effort at every level of academia if it is going to be successful. This is something that Allan Bloom takes very seriously in his book, The Closing of the American Mind. In there, Bloom writes, â€Å"I used to think that young Americans began whatever education they were to get at the age of eighteen, that their early lives were spiritually empty and they arrived at the university clean slate unaware of their deeper selves and the world beyond their superficial experience† (Bloom). The need for education at early levels is of the utmost importance to people like Bloom. No matter what definition of literacy a person subscribes to, the fact remains that it is a very important part of education that must be addressed. At current standing, schools are not doing nearly enough to teach the skills and to instill the type of cultural knowledge that is essential in order to truly communicate. Literacy is far more complicated than many educators have been willing to give it credit for. The first step to truly teaching literacy in a correct way is to understand that it is a changing thing. According to the folks at the Perkins School for the Blind, literacy includes many different aspects that must be accounted for. Their website reads, â€Å"The development of literacy is founded upon our experiences – beginning with birth – and our interactions with the world and those around us. Over time, these experiences enable us to develop the ability to connect meaning to words and letters. First, though, the path to literacy requires establishing communication and connecting meaning to objects, events and people in our world† (Perkins School for the Blind). This means that literacy is constantly being learned by everyone, each and every day. With this sort of knowledge in hand, it is easy to conclude that literacy must be included in every aspect of education. When talking about a classic liberal arts education, this is especially true. No matter if the skills-based literacy interpretation is correct or the other interpretations are correct, one must concede that all aspects of the idea should be considered. When shaping the plan for literacy training within a liberal arts program, lots of things must be considered. Luckily for those people who frame curriculums,   many liberal arts classes already require many pieces of literacy to be included to begin with. From critical writing to reading to other forms of communication, literacy will always be a part of history, philosophy, English, and the other subjects within liberal arts. With that in mind, the key is to highlight those skills and make sure that students are given an opportunity to enhance them. Works Cited Bloom, Allan. Closing of the American Mind. Educational Training Service. What is Literacy? http://www.nocheating.org/portal/site/ets/menuitem.c988ba0e5dd572bada20bc47c3921509/?vgnextoid=2a8eaf5e44df4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD&vgnextchannel=6773e3b5f64f4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD Hirsch, E.D. Cultural Literacy. Knoblauch, C.H. Literacy and the Politics of Education. Perkins School for the Blind. Perkins Panda Early Literacy Kit. http://www.perkins.org/literacy/panda/ Poway Unified School District. Cultural Literacy. http://www.powayusd.com/projects/edtechcentralnew/culturallit.htm â€Å"Formation of National Cultures† Needlman, Robert. What is Literacy? http://www.drspock.com/article/0,1510,5133,00.html         

A Collection of Traditional and Literary Ballad Poems

The ballad is at the intersection of poetry and song, from traditional folk ballads crystallizing out of the mists of ancient oral traditions to modern literary ballads in which poets use the old narrative forms to retell traditional legends or to tell stories of their own.   The Evolution of Balladry A ballad is simply a narrative poem or song, and there are many variations on balladry. Traditional folk ballads began with the anonymous wandering minstrels of the Middle Ages, who handed down stories and legends in these poem-songs, using a structure of stanzas and repeated refrains to remember, retell, and embellish local tales. Many of these folk ballads were collected in the 17th and 18th centuries by scholars like Harvard professor Francis James Child and poets like  Robert Burns  and Sir Walter Scott. Two of the ballads in this collection are examples of this type of traditional ballad, anonymous retellings of local legends: the spooky fairy tale â€Å"Tam Lin† and â€Å"Lord Randall,† which reveals the story of a murder in the question-and-answer dialogue between a mother and son. Folk ballads also told love stories both tragic and happy, tales of religion and the supernatural, and recountings of historical events. After the 16th-century invention of inexpensive printing, ballads moved from the oral tradition onto newsprint.  Broadside ballads  were â€Å"poetry as news,† commenting on the events of the day—although many of the older traditional folk ballads were also distributed as broadsides in print. Literary Ballads by Known Poets In the 18th and 19th centuries, Romantic and Victorian poets took hold of this folk-song form and wrote literary ballads, telling their own stories, as Robert Burns did in â€Å"The Lass That Made the Bed to Me† and Christina Rossetti did in â€Å"Maude Clare†Ã¢â‚¬â€or reimagining old legends, as Alfred, Lord Tennyson did with part of the Arthurian story in â€Å"The Lady of Shalott.† Ballads carry tales of tragic romance (Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"Annabel Lee†), of the honor of warriors (Rudyard Kipling’s â€Å"The Ballad of East and West†), of the despair of poverty (William Butler Yeats’ â€Å"The Ballad of Moll  Magee†), of the secrets of brewing (Robert Louis Stevenson’s â€Å"Heather Ale: A Galloway Legend†), and of conversations across the divide between life and death (Thomas Hardy’s â€Å"Her Immortality†). The ballads combination of narrative propulsion implied melody (ballads are often and very naturally set to music), and archetypal stories are irresistible.    The Varied Structures of Ballads Most ballads are structured in short stanzas, often the quatrain form that has come to be known as â€Å"ballad measure†Ã¢â‚¬â€alternating lines of  iambic  tetrameter (four stressed beats, da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM) and iambic trimeter (three stressed beats, da DUM da DUM da DUM), rhyming the second and fourth lines of each stanza. Other ballads combine the four lines into two, forming rhymed couplets of seven-stress lines that are sometimes called â€Å"fourteeners.† But the word â€Å"ballad† refers to a general type of poem, not necessarily a fixed poetic form, and many ballad poems take liberties with the ballad stanza or abandon it altogether. Examples of Ballads In chronological order, some classic ballads are as follows; Anonymous, â€Å"Tam Lin† (traditional folk ballad, written down by James Child in 1729)Anonymous, â€Å"Lord Randall† (traditional ballad published by Sir Walter Scott in 1803)Robert Burns, â€Å"John Barleycorn: A Ballad† (1782)Robert Burns,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Lass That Made the Bed to Me† (1795)Samuel Taylor Coleridge, â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner† (1798)William Wordsworth, â€Å"Lucy Gray, or Solitude† (1799)John Keats,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"La Belle Dame sans Merci† (1820)Samuel Taylor Coleridge, â€Å"The Ballad of the Dark Ladie† (1834)Alfred, Lord Tennyson, â€Å"The Lady of Shalott† (1842)Edgar Allan Poe, â€Å"Annabel Lee† (1849)Christina Rossetti, â€Å"Maude Clare† (1862)Algernon Charles Swinburne, â€Å"A Ballad of Burdens† (1866)Christina Rossetti,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A Ballad of Boding† (1881)Rudyard Kipling, â€Å"The Ballad of East and West† (1889)William Butler Yeats, â€Å"The Ballad of M oll Magee† (1889)Robert Louis Stevenson, â€Å"Heather Ale: A Galloway Legend† (1890)Oscar Wilde, â€Å"The Ballad of Reading Gaol† (1898)Thomas Hardy, â€Å"Her Immortality† (1898)William Butler Yeats, â€Å"The Host of the Air† (1899)Ezra Pound, â€Å"Ballad of the Goodly Fere† (1909)